Punishment for causing grievous bodily harm under Art. 111 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: what is the criminal liability and what sentence will the perpetrator receive for causing injury?

Serious harm to health: legislation

The issue under consideration is regulated by several legislative acts.

Criminal Code of the Russian Federation . It is this normative act that directly defines the concept of grievous bodily harm. And Article 111 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation forms an independent element of an intentional crime, for which corresponding criminal liability is provided. Article 118 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is devoted to unintentional grave damage.
Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The sphere of civil regulation includes the right of the victim to compensation for moral damage by the culprit. He will be able to exercise this right to file a civil claim during the consideration of the criminal case and strictly until the verdict is passed.
Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation. It reflects the procedure for drawing up and filing a claim in court (in particular, Articles 131, 132).
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated August 17, 2007 No. 522 . It approved the Rules by which it is possible to objectively determine the severity of harm to health. This act is used to determine whether this or that harm to health falls into one of the categories of severity.

Guided by the norm of the above-mentioned Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, severe harm to health is understood as such dangerous damage to the human body, as a result of which:

the victim loses speech, vision, hearing, or one or more organs (or he loses his function);
the face is disfigured beyond repair;
the pregnancy is terminated (regardless of the term);
the psyche is seriously impaired;
general ability to work is lost for a long time and by more than 1/3;
professional ability to work is completely lost (and the culprit knew about this when he committed the crime);
disease of drug addiction or substance abuse.

Are women the stronger or weaker sex? And how does physical activity affect women's health?

Useful information from the gynecologist of the Dixion clinic - Voronkova T.V.

Have you noticed
signs of urinary incontinence
during physical exertion, coughing or sneezing? Is it often impossible to keep gases in the intestines or constipation? Do you experience discomfort during sexual intercourse, a feeling as if something is interfering with the vagina, or a more pronounced opening of the genital opening, or perhaps prolapse of the vaginal walls or genitals?

Patients often do not talk about these problems even to doctors.

.
Isn't this a disease? That's not fatal? Women are the weaker sex, and weak not because they are unable to lift weights, but because such loads contradict the female anatomy, causing weakness of the “pelvic floor”
(i.e., the system of muscles and ligaments that hold the internal genital organs in the correct position ).

This causes prolapse of the genital organs, and “sagging” of the bladder and (or) rectum along with the walls of the vagina. The pelvic floor resembles a hammock, and with stress and increased intra-abdominal pressure, this “hammock” can weaken, dragging with it the walls of the vagina, the cervix and the uterus itself.

There are many stresses and factors predisposing to weakening of the pelvic floor in a woman’s life!

This:

1. long and traumatic childbirth;

2. systemic pathology:

persistent “stretch marks” on the skin after childbirth or significant weight changes,
phlebeurysm,
separation of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall,
inguinal and umbilical hernias,
“hypermobility” of the joints - increased flexibility of the joints.

3. excess weight (especially due to the growth of adipose tissue around the internal organs (female “apple” figure);
4. physical activity

, and ATTENTION!
fitness loads
, especially with a weight
of more than 5-10 kg
and it doesn’t matter whether we lift a sack of potatoes, carry children in our arms or perform “deadlifts”

systematic work with heavy weights slowly but surely squeezes out the pelvic floor muscles and stretches the ligaments on which the organs are attached.

5. regular constipation, the presence of diseases such as bronchial asthma or chronic bronchitis also increases intra-abdominal pressure
6. physical exercise and sports involving jumping

(athletics, basketball, volleyball, currently popular trampolining, etc.)

7. decrease in the level of female sex hormones (during menopause, pelvic floor prolapse is observed in more than 50% of women).

Of course, hyperextension (prolapse) of the pelvic floor is not an instant process

However, patients often turn to doctors when their symptoms are severe.

And if it is practically impossible to influence the pelvic floor ligaments, then it is possible to strengthen the muscles and ensure the prevention of pelvic prolapse and correction in the initial stages; for this there are sets of exercises for strengthening the muscles of the perineum

(“Kegel exercises”), some types of yoga, etc.

Corrective options for women with symptomatic prolapse include observation, pelvic muscle training, mechanical supports (pessaries), and surgery.

The use of pessaries should be considered preoperatively in women who have symptomatic prolapse.

The radical and most effective method for correcting pelvic organ prolapse in advanced stages is surgical treatment - a combination of pelvic floor reconstruction with the use of a special mesh implant.

You can assess the condition of the pelvic floor, conduct the necessary diagnostic studies to clarify the severity of the process and choose the optimal method of correction by making a gynecological appointment at the Dixion Clinic

Criminal liability for causing damage under Art. 111 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation

Article 111 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation contains several types of punishment for causing serious damage to health.

In the absence of any additional aggravating signs of committing this crime, the accused will be sentenced to imprisonment for up to 8 years.

When a crime falls under Article 118 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (unintentional infliction of grievous harm), the culprit will face one of the following sanctions:

a fine of up to 80 thousand rubles or in the amount of earnings (other income) for the last six months;
compulsory work for up to 480 hours;
correctional labor for 2 years or less;
restriction of freedom for a period of 3 years;
arrest for up to six months.

What determines the length of punishment that the culprit will receive?

The type of criminal punishment depends on the presence of qualifying characteristics in the committed act. Parts 2 and 3 of Article 111, part 2 of Article 118 are devoted to this

In the first case, Part 2 contains a fairly extensive list of such additional conditions. If one of the following circumstances exists, the longest term of imprisonment will be 10 years + the court may impose restriction of freedom (or without it)

This is when a criminal act (or omission) is committed:

in relation to a person who carried out official activities (performing official duties) or his relatives;
in relation to a minor (he is not yet 14 years old) or a helpless person;
using methods of mockery or torture, or special cruelty;
in a manner considered generally dangerous;
hired person;
for the purpose of hooliganism;
based on motives of hatred (hostility) against the background of politics, ideology, race, nationality or religion;
due to hatred or hostility directed at a particular social group;
for the purpose of obtaining organs or tissues of the victim;
with the use by the culprit of weapons or objects that he used as such.

But this is not all the measures of responsibility. Part 3 of Article 111 includes a number of additional features that complement the previous ones. If one of them is present, imprisonment for a period of up to 12 years is established. Also, restrictions on freedom will be applied for up to 2 years (at the discretion of the court).

Additional terms

Commitment of a criminal act by a group of persons (without conspiracy), either by prior conspiracy, or by an organized group;
causing damage to the health of 2 or more persons.

In addition, if the act was committed in conjunction with the signs from parts 2 and 3 of this article and resulted in the death of the victim due to negligence, the offender will face an even more severe punishment - this is 15 years in prison + possible restriction of freedom for 2 years.

For unintentional grievous harm, the punishment will be tougher provided that the guilty person is a citizen who performed his official duties in bad faith. Under this condition, the accused will face:

restriction of freedom for up to 4 years;
forced labor or imprisonment - for 1 year + deprivation of the right to engage in certain activities (hold positions) for 3 years or without this punishment.

Help : if at least one of the qualifying criteria is present, the committed act moves from the category of grave crimes to the group of especially grave crimes.

What are the dangers of coronavirus vaccination?

What we know about COVID-19?

This is an RNA virus of animal origin belonging to the group of coronaviruses. According to WHO, it is transmitted from a sick person through small droplets that are released from the nose and mouth when sneezing and coughing. From the moment of infection until the appearance of the first symptoms, it takes from 1 to 14 days (on average - 7). The carrier of the virus does not yet know about his illness, but in terms of infection he already poses a danger to others. According to coronavirus epidemiology, COVID-19 is 2-3 times more contagious than the flu, but 2-3 times less contagious than measles.

With a mild course of the disease, its symptoms are similar to ARVI and end with recovery after 14 days without any further consequences. In severe cases, COVID lasts up to 8 weeks. Even in the absence of pronounced signs of the disease, immunity is formed in those who have recovered from the disease. But given the infrequent cases of re-infection, it does not last too long. The vaccine has a much greater effect.

How does the vaccine work?

Today, several immunodrugs are used in the world, developed by specialists from different countries and having passed the necessary clinical trials. All of them are designed to form immunity to the pathogen. After their administration, the immune system:

easily recognizes the infectious agent;
begins to produce antibodies - proteins to fight the disease;
“remembers” the pathogen and, if it enters the body again, quickly destroys it, preventing the development of the disease.

A person who has been vaccinated develops lasting immunity to COVID.

Is vaccination dangerous?

Each person reacts to the immunodrug individually. Therefore, even the best quality vaccine can cause side effects. Their appearance for a short time is the only danger.

Why is vaccination against coronavirus dangerous?

slight increase in temperature;
headache, dizziness;
abnormal heart rhythm;
skin rashes;
weakness.

These unpleasant symptoms disappear within a few days.

Severe conditions after administration of an immunodrug can develop in people who have contraindications. Vaccination should not be carried out if:

chronic pathologies of the kidneys, cardiovascular system (CVS), endocrine system;
diseases of the hematopoietic system;
autoimmune disorders;
severe pathologies of the central nervous system (CNS);
allergic reactions to previously administered vaccines.

In these pathologies, vaccination can provoke an exacerbation.

Also contraindicated are age (under 18 and over 65 years), pregnancy, or recent severe form of coronavirus infection. People who have been ill have a high level of antibodies during the first time after recovery, and the vaccine will increase it even more. The consequences may manifest as a violent immune reaction in the form of a cytokine storm.

How to reduce negative manifestations?

Following all doctor’s recommendations will help reduce the development of side effects. To reduce the risk of developing negative symptoms after vaccination, you need to:

closely monitor your well-being;
at least a week before the intended vaccination, avoid contact with sick people;
2 days before vaccination, undergo an examination and donate blood for antibodies;
give up immunomodulators and immunostimulants 10 days before the vaccine;
Before administering the vaccine, warn about taking medications that stimulate the immune system.

In the absence of contraindications and compliance with all requirements, the risk of side effects is minimized.

After vaccination against coronavirus, doctors advise following a gentle regimen and drinking at least 1.5 liters of fluid per day. When the temperature rises, it is recommended to take an antipyretic drug. If weakness does not go away within a few days, or allergic reactions occur, you should immediately consult a doctor.

When will there be mass vaccination?

Mass vaccination in the USA, Canada and European countries began in December last year. At the same time, it started in Russia. But at the initial stage, the event was held only for a certain category of people - young people and those who, due to the nature of their professional activities, cannot limit the number of contacts. Today you can get vaccinated against Covid in any region of the country.

Each person makes the decision to vaccinate independently. But those who refuse vaccination should know that even a mild form of COVID is a serious blow to the body. Also, do not forget about loss of ability to work for at least 2 weeks, and the likelihood of infection of family members. After vaccination, these risks are significantly reduced. But even vaccinated people need to wear a mask and gloves to protect themselves 100% from contracting COVID-19.

Sources

“Vaccination against COVID-19. Answers to frequently asked questions", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/054/706/original/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0% B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0% D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_COVID_19-19.02.2021-Red.pdf

“Coronavirus - symptoms, signs, general information, answers to questions”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation https://covid19.rosminzdrav.ru/

“Symptoms of Coronavirus,” US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html